Abstract

This paper presents advantages of new engine technology that combines operation of a gun with engine, thus the name "gun-engine". The technology has bee developed and tested, thus prove of the concept has been done in experimental way, which allows author and inventor of the gun-engine to claim that the efficiency of new design is improved over 445.6 % over the efficiency of XIX century diesel technology. The purpose of combination of gun with engine was to eliminate inherited causes of inefficiency that first appeared in Otto invention patented in 1876 that have been handed down from generation to generation of engines since then and still nest in engines under development. While the direct result of the combination is huge increase of efficiency by 445.6 % there are also improvements of reliability as well as tripling of time between overhauling of gun-engine. Also the combination allows use of any imaginable fuel that has been vaporized and premixed with air in explosive proportion. Due to increase of pressure when fuel explodes ,the gun-engine torque and power output from used fuel increased above 100 times over that of diesel technology, which indicates a potential to cut fuel consumption by 99 % without sacrificing power output. This manly related to implementation of an internal device in cylinder of the gun-engine that replicates tremendous pressure of explosion when crank is horizontal. Also this feature allows elimination of energy wasting transmission, as it allows direct clutching the shaft of gun-engine to load. The above features are behind extension of traveling of a truck or car on a tank of fuel by fifteen times, which indicate monetary savings to the owner of gun-engine. The environment also benefits as the gun-engine has zero toxic emissions and its carbon emissions are cut by 95%. In addition to huge monetary savings to run the gun-engine, its production costs are greatly lessen as its production would cost the same as production of diesel engine that has four times less power. The gun-engine has parts similar to those of diesel, but it is different as it detonates vaporized of gaseous fuels in such a way that would destroy every existing engine. The detonations do not act on the working piston at all, but rather on the additional piston that floats over the work piston on a compressible air pocket and that has changed the thermodynamics and improved the efficiency by 445.6%. In addition this high efficiency is preserved through the entire range of speeds, thus allowing savings of fuel and saving of the environment. Also cushioning effect of the air pocket limits stress to parts to that related to load and not detonations of fuel, thus quadrupling time between overhauling the gun-engine, which reduces costs of running trucks too.

Introduction

Today engines do not differ much from that of XIX century, as these preserved all flaws that appeared first in the Otto design patented in 1876. The flaws have been handed down from generations to generation engines, still penetrating into engines under development today. These flaws are behind numerous causes of inefficiency that are deeply buried in the design itself, thus for over one and half century of history of development of combustion engines the researchers were incapable to spot the flaws or to develop important design changes, so engines are very inefficient and polluting.

Every existing engine has three distinctive speeds: speed of best power; speed of best torque and speed of best efficiency and that ruins the operation of every existing engine, because if the bet power or torque is needed the efficiency drops down dramatically, which increases costs of running engine.

As the best efficiency hardly exceeds 20% on the distinctive speed, any deviation of that speed causes dramatic drop of efficiency, thus engine of a car or tuck during routine driving has average efficiency not higher than 5 % to 10 % on its shaft, but only 2% to 4% of energy released from fuel transmits to wheels moving the vehicle.

The huge energy waste in every existing engine causes environmental and health problems and impacts everybody, especially in urban arias densely crowded with cars and trucks causing epidemic proportion of increase of illnesses among the population. The diseases include asthma, chronic bronchitis and other problems such as strokes and heart attacks.

While researchers are pre-occupied with preventing detonations of fuel in engine, which prevents development of efficient engine, or unimportant details, the author of this paper has concentrated on:

The concentration, plus a plan to eliminate inherits led the author to invention of a new engine the efficiency of which is comparable to that of the ideal Carnot engine.

How the inefficiency affects the environment, health and economy of North America

As the number of cars and trucks on North American roads counts in hundreds of millions the fuel consumption of which quickly deplete domestic oil resources thus the monetary costs of imports of oil into USA increased over $ trillion annually and the money is smoked out in cars and trucks instead of being used to create profitable ventures, education or health. In addition there are huge hidden costs related to deterioration of health of the entire nation. The author says that the remedy for these huge costs would be very simple. Just replace every existing engie with proposed gun-engine technology.

To understand the problems author explains that all the trend of current research is on wrong truck and points out that diesel engine as well as gasoline engine are so infested with the inherited inefficiency causes that the price of fueling these engines for only 9 month is higher than buying a new engine and explains further that conversion of these into gun-engine technology would be recovered within less than a year, but then the owner of the converted engine would enjoy huge monetary savings that could be invested into expansion of business.

Massive conversion of engines in trucks would also improve economic conditions for tuckers fueling up to fifteen trucks with converted engines would cost the same as fueling only one truck drive by diesel engine, which would lower costs of road transportations improving economy of the entire North America first and then of the entire World.

Indeed replacing production of car engines with gun-engines makes more sense than converting existing car engines, as the gun-engine is very inexpensive in production. Therefore the inventor advises to develop a production of gun-engines made of mold injected Nylon in which only the parts exposed to detonation of fuel would be made of metal. Such a gun-engine could be made as disposable, as repairs would be more expensive than buying new gun-engine. The use of synthetic materials is possible because complete conversion of heat energy into useful work cools exhausts internally below 140 F degree, without traditional radiator, thus additional simplification of cars and trucks, which saves additional funds to maintain cooling system.

Diesel engine also synthesizes pollutants by design, while the gun-engine blocks these by design, so no need for expensive extra devices to filter exhausts. Also by nature the diesel engine is a source of emissions of black particulates that have devastating effect on our health, because fuel is delivered into cylinder as mists from injector that hangs in air. Some droplets of diesel fuel when in contact with hot internal parts split into hydrogen and carbon. The hydrogen burns fast and complete, but carbon does not burn complete so not burn portion of carbon deposits on internal parts or forms emissions of black particulates that if inhaled can penetrate through lung tissue into blood stream. When the immune system detects these in blood it respond by clotting and blood clots could cause heart attacks or strokes leading to death. On the other hand these is prevented by design in the gun-engine as fuel is supplied into cylinder as vapor.

As the gun-engine fuel consumption is cut by 95% its air supply should be too. Therefore the gun-engine does not need a charger, while diesel engine needs it by its nature, so farther simplification and reduction of costs of production of trucks, which further reduces energy needed to produce gun-engine.

Kazimierz Holubowicz

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